More than a Maniple is too Much: The Manipular formation used by Republican Roman Armies (circa 218 -168 BCE)

Abstract

The use of the maniple formation by Republican Roman field armies evolved over the fourth, third and second centuries BCE. The Battle of Cannae, and the lessons learned therein, provided a catalyst for more rapid evolution of Roman battle tactics. The article demonstrates the tactics used in each battle to show the reader the change over time for Roman army organization and deployment as a result of their defeat at Cannae.