Evaluation of Deicing Salt Impacts on Water Quality in Putnam Park

Abstract

Deicing salts, widely utilized for snow and ice management, are recognized for their potential adverse environmental consequences, primarily associated with elevated chloride levels. These excessive chlorides in freshwater systems pose threats to aquatic ecosystems. UW-Eau Claire uses a variety of salt types for deicing, and in 2021 implemented saltwater brine application to reduce overall salt usage on campus. This study aimed to evaluate water quality in Putnam Park related to salt application on upper campus. Water samples were collected from locations along Little Niagara Creek and two shallow groundwater wells installed in Putnam Park. Various parameters were analyzed, including total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, temperature, specific conductivity (SC), and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP). Notably, TDS and SC are indicative of dissolved chloride concentrations in the water. Water samples were collected every two to three weeks from April 2023 to March 2024. Water quality measurements appear to reflect spatial variation in salting practices on upper campus. There is a need for prolonged water quality monitoring to comprehensively assess the environmental impact of salts on Putnam Park and the potential environmental benefits of incorporating saltwater brine in deicing practices.