Optimization of chondrogenic potential in transplanted adipose-derived stem cells for treatment of osteoarthritis

Abstract

Importance: Osteoarthritis (OA) has, and will continue to be, the leading form of musculoskeletal disease in the United States. More pragmatic and less invasive techniques for treating OA are required if physicians are to effectively manage and/or ameliorate the disorder. Observations: Adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) dual therapy has shown much promise with regard to cartilage regeneration in animal models and is currently undergoing testing in multiple human trials. This type of regenerative therapy involves multiple intra-articular injections of autologous ADSCs and PRP over a brief period of time (approximately one month). Growth factors (GFs) and bioactive proteins, such as Soluble Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor - 1 (sFlt) and Bone Morphogenic Protein - 4 (BMP-4), may influence the chondrogenic potential of the ADSCs used in the dual therapy approach. Conclusions and Relevance: It is reasonable to conclude that the addition of certain bioactive proteins, like sFlt and BMP-4, to the current ADSC and PRP dual-therapy approach for cartilage repair may result in heightened chondrogenic potential of the ADSCs used in the treatment.