Invariant Polynomials on Tensors Under the Action of a Product of Orthogonal Groups

Abstract

Let K be the product O(n1) × O(n2) × … × O(nr) of orthogonal groups. Let V be the r-fold tensor product of defining representations of each orthogonal factor. We compute a stable formula for the dimension of the K-invariant algebra of degree d homogeneous polynomial functions on V. To accomplish this, we compute a formula for the number of matchings which commute with a fixed permutation. Finally, we provide formulas for the invariants and describe a bijection between a basis for the space of invariants and the isomorphism classes of certain r-regular graphs on d vertices, as well as a method of associating each invariant to other combinatorial settings such as phylogenetic trees.